Epigenetic factor | Identified HIV-1 transcriptional regulatory function by cell type | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Repressive epigenetic enzymes | Histone or DNA modification | Primary T cells | Transformed T cells | Primary microglia | Transformed microglia | Selected references |
HDAC1, 2, and 3 | Deacetylation of multiple H3 and H4 sites | + | + | + | + | |
EZH2 (PRC2) | H3K27me3 | + | + | + | + | |
EHMT2 (G9a) | H3K9me2 | + | + | + | + | |
SUV39H1 | H3K9me3 | + | + | ? | + | |
SMYD2 | H4K20me1 | + | + | ? | ? | [147] |
DNMT1; DNMT3a | meCpG | + | + | ? | ? | |
LSD1 | ? | + | ? | + | ||
KAT5 (Tip60) | H4K5Ac, H4K8Ac, H4K12Ac | + | + | ? | ? | [315] |
Activating epigenetic enzymes | Histone or Tat modification | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CBP/p300 | H3K27Ac and other H3 and H4 acetylation sites; Tat K50Ac and K51Ac | + | + | +? | +? | |
GCN5 | Primarily H3K14Ac; Tat K50Ac and K51Ac | +? | +? | +? | +? | |
PCAF | H3K9Ac, H3K14Ac; H4K8Ac; Tat K28Ac | +? | +? | +? | +? | |
UTX/KMD6A | Demethylation of H3K27me3 | + | + | ? | ? | [130] |