Fig. 3

Quantification of the peripheral HIV-1 reservoir in patients from Uganda and USA. A The size of the inducible HIV-1 reservoir was determined using memory CD4⁺ T cells from Ugandan (n = 62) and U.S. (n = 50) patients by measuring cell-associated spliced HIV-1 RNA (EDITS assay). Proviral DNA estimated the number of cells carrying fully or partially activated proviruses. Unpaired t test was used to compare the reservoir size (number of cell equivalents per one million cells) between both cohort of patients. ****p < 0.0001. Median cell equivalents/million cells and interquartile range are depicted. B Comparison of the size of the inducible reservoir (RNA, cell-associated spliced HIV-1 RNA) and the reservoir estimated by quantifying proviral DNA (DNA) in each Ugandan and U.S. patient, as well as the ratio of the size of the peripheral HIV-1 reservoir determined by measuring proviral DNA vs cell-associated spliced RNA (DNA/RNA). Unpaired t test was used to compare the DNA/RNA ratio between Ugandan and U.S. group of patients. ****p < 0.0001; n.s., not significant